quartz
Γιατι υπηρξε εξελιξη στην τεχνολογια,γιατι ειχε αξιοπιστια και ακριβεια ,γιατι κοστιζε λιγοτερο απο ενα αξιοπιστο μηχανικο...γιατι εκανε μεγαλα νουμερα πωλησεων,γιατι εγινε μοδα την εποχη που βγηκε ,στην αγορα..γιατι το μηχανικο ρολοι σωθηκε...
The piezoelectric properties of quartz were discovered by Jacques and Pierre Curie in 1880. The first quartz crystal oscillator was built by Walter G. Cady in 1921. In 1923, D. W. Dye at the National Physical Laboratory in the UK and Warren Marrison at Bell Telephone Laboratories produced sequences of precision time signals with quartz oscillators. In 1927, the first quartz clock was built by Warren Marrison and J.W. Horton at Bell Telephone Laboratories.[4][5] The next 3 decades saw the development of quartz clocks as precision time standards in laboratory settings; the bulky delicate counting electronics, built with vacuum tubes, limited their use elsewhere. In January 1932 a quartz clock was able to measure tiny weekly variations in the rotation rate of the Earth.[citation needed]![6] The National Bureau of Standards (now NIST) based the time standard of the US, on quartz clocks between the 1930s and the 1960s, then it went to atomic clocks.[7] The wider use of quartz clock technology had to await the development of cheap semiconductor digital logic in the 60s.
